解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Both plant diversity and vertebrate herbivores can impact plant fitness and ecosystem functioning, however their interactions have not been explicitly tested. We manipulated plant genotypic diversity of the native plant Oenothera biennis and monitored its survivorship and lifetime fitness with and without one of its m...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01452.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resource ratio theory predicts that two species may coexist in the presence of two limiting nutrients provided that each species is limited by the resource it is least able to deplete. We modify this classical competition model to allow interspecific cooperation through trading. We show that resource trade expands the...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01431.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herbivores forage in spatially complex habitats. Due to allometry and scale-dependent foraging, herbivores are hypothesized to perceive and respond to heterogeneity of resources at scales relative to their body sizes. This hypothesis has not been manipulatively tested for animals with only moderate differences in body...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01423.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::How strongly natural populations are regulated has a long history of debate in ecology. Here, we discuss concepts of population regulation appropriate for stochastic population dynamics. We then analyse two large collections of data sets with autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) models, using model selection technique...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01393.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic basis of organism response to stoichiometric mismatches between environmental availability and somatic demand is still poorly understood. This study reports a consistent genotype x environment interaction related to phosphorus : carbon availability to Daphnia. In multiple pairs of Daphnia pulicaria clones,...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01368.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Habitat quality is typically inferred by assuming a direct relationship between consumer density and resource abundance, although it has been suggested that consumer fitness may be a more accurate measure of habitat quality. We examined density vs. fitness-based measures of habitat quality for lions in the Serengeti N...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01359.x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A component of metabolic scaling theory has worked towards understanding the influence of metabolism over the generation and maintenance of biodiversity. Specific models within this 'metabolic theory of biodiversity' (MTB) have addressed temperature gradients in speciation rate and species richness, but the scope of M...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01358.x
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evolution of plants has yielded a wealth of adaptations for the acquisition of key mineral nutrients. These include the structure, physiology and positioning of root systems. We report the discovery of specialized snow roots as a plant strategy to cope with the very short season for nutrient uptake and growth in a...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01331.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in phenotypic variability in natural populations have received little attention in comparison with changes in mean trait values. This is unfortunate because trait diversity may influence adaptive evolutionary change and population stability. We combine two unique data sets to illuminate complex trait changes i...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01311.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The future of tropical forest biodiversity depends more than ever on the effective management of human-modified landscapes, presenting a daunting challenge to conservation practitioners and land use managers. We provide a critical synthesis of the scientific insights that guide our understanding of patterns and proces...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01294.x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seedling limitation could structure communities, but often is evaluated with sampling units that are orders of magnitude smaller than mature plants. We censused seedlings for 5.5 years in five 1 x 200-m transects in a wet Neotropical forest. For 106 common species (> or = 10 seedlings in a transect), we calculated pre...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01278.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologists increasingly realize that species interactions (e.g. selective predation) can determine when epidemics start and end. We hypothesize here that resource quality can also strongly influence disease dynamics: epidemics can be inhibited when resource quality for hosts is too poor and too good. In three lak...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01264.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the short-term heterotrophic soil respiration is strongly and positively related to temperature. In the long-term, its response to temperature is uncertain. One reason for this is because in field experiments increases in respiration due to warming are relatively short-lived. The explanations proposed for this ephe...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01251.x
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecosystems are differentially open to subsidies of energy, material and organisms. This fundamental ecosystem attribute has long been recognized but the influence of this property on community regulation has not been investigated. We propose that this environmental attribute may explain variation in the strength of tr...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01235.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Worldwide decomposition rates depend both on climate and the legacy of plant functional traits as litter quality. To quantify the degree to which functional differentiation among species affects their litter decomposition rates, we brought together leaf trait and litter mass loss data for 818 species from 66 decomposi...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01219.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Niche construction can generate ecological and evolutionary feedbacks that have been underinvestigated so far. We present an eco-evolutionary model that incorporates the process of niche construction to reveal its effects on the ecology and evolution of the niche-constructing agent. We consider a simple plant-soil nut...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01220.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in host diversity and community structure have been linked to disease, but the mechanisms underlying such relationships and their applicability to non-vector-borne disease systems remain conjectural. Here we experimentally investigated how changes in host community structure affected the transmission and patho...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01212.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reconcile the findings of Holmes et al. (Ecology Letters, 10, 2007, 1182) that 95% confidence intervals for quasi-extinction risk were narrow for many vertebrates of conservation concern, with previous theory predicting wide confidence intervals. We extend previous theory, concerning the precision of quasi-extincti...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01211.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrient availability and herbivory control the biomass of primary producer communities to varying degrees across ecosystems. Ecological theory, individual experiments in many different systems, and system-specific quantitative reviews have suggested that (i) bottom-up control is pervasive but top-down control is more...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01192.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interacting changes in predator and prey diversity likely influence ecosystem properties but have rarely been experimentally tested. We manipulated the species richness of herbivores and predators in an experimental benthic marine community and measured their effects on predator, herbivore and primary producer perform...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01175.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessments from field plots steer much of our current understanding of global change impacts on forest ecosystem structure and function. Recent widespread observations of net carbon accumulation in field plots have suggested that terrestrial ecosystems may be a carbon sink, possibly resulting from climate change and/...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01169.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been numerous investigations of parasite local adaptation, a phenomenon important from the perspectives of both basic and applied evolutionary ecology. Recent work has demonstrated that temperature has striking effects on parasite performance by mediating trade-offs in parasite life history and through geno...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01146.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::'C4 photosynthesis' refers to a suite of traits that increase photosynthesis in high light and high temperature environments. Most C4 plants are grasses, which dominate tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas but are conspicuously absent from cold growing season climates. Physiological attributes of C4 photos...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01144.x
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed an analytical method that quantifies the relative contributions of mortality and individual growth to ecosystem function and analysed the results from the first biodiversity experiment conducted in a tropical tree plantation. In Sardinilla, central Panama, over 5000 tree seedlings were planted in monocult...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01148.x
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the largest DNA-based phylogeny of flowering plants to date to evaluate the importance of energy vs. past climate change in predicting global patterns in diversification. Relative diversification rates increased towards the equator, suggesting that differences in per-lineage net diversification may be an impor...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01138.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trait-based approaches to community structure are increasingly used in terrestrial ecology. We show that such an approach, augmented by a mechanistic analysis of trade-offs among functional traits, can be successfully used to explain community composition of marine phytoplankton along environmental gradients. Our anal...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01117.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::How does life history affects the short-term elasticities of population growth rate? We decompose short-term elasticity as a sum of (i) the effect of the perturbation in rates on the unperturbed population structure and (ii) the effect of the original vital rates on the difference in structure between the original and...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01108.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory predicts that ecosystem engineers should have their most dramatic effects when they enable species, through habitat amelioration, to live in zones where physical and biological conditions would otherwise suppress or limit them. Mutualisms between mycorrhizal fungi and plants are key determinants of productivity...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01082.x
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calls to understand the links between ecology and evolution have been common for decades. Population dynamics, i.e. the demographic changes in populations, arise from life history decisions of individuals and thus are a product of selection, and selection, on the contrary, can be modified by such dynamical properties ...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01086.x
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are a variety of proposed evolutionary and ecological explanations for why some species have more extensive geographical ranges than others. One of the most common explanations is variation in species' dispersal ability. However, the purported relationship between dispersal distance and range size has been subje...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01070.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whether climate change will turn cold biomes from large long-term carbon sinks into sources is hotly debated because of the great potential for ecosystem-mediated feedbacks to global climate. Critical are the direction, magnitude and generality of climate responses of plant litter decomposition. Here, we present the f...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01051.x
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of natural selection to drive local adaptation has been appreciated ever since Darwin. Whether human impacts can impede the adaptive process has received less attention. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying natural selection and harvest selection acting on a freshwater fish (pike) over four decades. Ac...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01046.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::'Should I stay or should I go?' is a fundamental question facing any candidate for emigration, as emigrating without outside information has major costs. Most studies on this topic have concentrated on risk-reducing strategies (e.g. exploration) developed after leaving the natal habitat. The idea that information migh...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01032.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A latitudinal gradient in biodiversity has existed since before the time of the dinosaurs, yet how and why this gradient arose remains unresolved. Here we review two major hypotheses for the origin of the latitudinal diversity gradient. The time and area hypothesis holds that tropical climates are older and historical...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01020.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analyses of temporal patterns of diversity across a wide range of taxa have found that more diverse communities often show smaller compositional changes over time. This generality indicates that high diversity is associated with greater temporal stability in species composition. We examined patterns of diversity and c...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.01009.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The silver spoon effect in the context of habitat selection occurs when dispersers in good condition are more likely to settle in high-quality habitats than dispersers in poor condition. Positive relationships between disperser condition and the quality of post-dispersal habitats are predicted by at least two non-excl...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00972.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated nitrogen (N) inputs into terrestrial ecosystems are causing major changes to the composition and functioning of ecosystems. Understanding these changes is challenging because there are complex interactions between 'direct' effects of N on plant physiology and soil biogeochemistry, and 'indirect' effects cause...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00959.x
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Correlations between traits may constrain ecological and evolutionary responses to multispecies interactions. Many plants produce defensive compounds in nectar and leaves that could influence interactions with pollinators and herbivores, but the relationship between nectar and leaf defences is entirely unexplored. Cor...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00944.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent observation of a power-law relationship, S proportional A(z), between number of taxa, S, and area, A, for microbial eukaryotes and bacteria suggests that this is one of the few generic relationships in ecology, applicable to plants, animals and microbes. However, the rate of increase in the number of specie...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00929.x
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dispersal is a major factor regulating the number of coexisting species, but the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes has mainly been analysed for communities closed to dispersal. We experimentally investigated how initial local diversity and dispersal frequency affect local diversity and bio...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00916.x
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00